Stellar Classifications: Difference between revisions
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__toc__ | __toc__ | ||
==Stars== | ==Stars== | ||
: ''see also: [[Help:Stellar_Object_Gallery#Single_Stars|Gallery of Single Stars]]'' | |||
{| align="center" border="2" style="background:#BDBDBD; text-align: center" | {| align="center" border="2" style="background:#BDBDBD; text-align: center" | ||
|+ '''Table: Stellar classification''' | |+ '''Table: Stellar classification''' | ||
! | ! Type | ||
! Temperature | ! Temperature | ||
! Conventional color | ! Conventional color | ||
| Line 13: | Line 14: | ||
! % of all<br> Main Sequence Stars | ! % of all<br> Main Sequence Stars | ||
|- style="background:#9bb0ff;" | |- style="background:#9bb0ff;" | ||
!style="background:#9bb0ff;"| | !style="background:#9bb0ff;"| O | ||
| 30,000–60,000 K | | 30,000–60,000 K | ||
|style="background:#9aafff;"| blue | |style="background:#9aafff;"| blue<br>9AAFFF | ||
|style="background:#aabfff;"| blue | |style="background:#aabfff;"| blue | ||
| 60 M | | 60 M | ||
| Line 22: | Line 23: | ||
| ~0.00003% | | ~0.00003% | ||
|- style="background:#aabfff;" | |- style="background:#aabfff;" | ||
!style="background:#abbfff;"| | !style="background:#abbfff;"| B | ||
| 10,000–30,000 K | | 10,000–30,000 K | ||
|style="background:#cad7ff;"| blue white | |style="background:#cad7ff;"| blue white<br>CAD7FF | ||
|style="background:#cad7ff;"| blue white to white | |style="background:#cad7ff;"| blue white to white | ||
| 18 M | | 18 M | ||
| Line 31: | Line 32: | ||
| 0.13% | | 0.13% | ||
|- style="background:#cad7ff;" | |- style="background:#cad7ff;" | ||
!style="background:#cad7ff;"| | !style="background:#cad7ff;"| A | ||
| 7,500–10,000 K | | 7,500–10,000 K | ||
|style="background:#f8f7ff;"| white | |style="background:#f8f7ff;"| white<br>F8F7FF | ||
|style="background:#f8f7ff;"| white | |style="background:#f8f7ff;"| white | ||
| 3.1 M | | 3.1 M | ||
| Line 40: | Line 41: | ||
| 0.6% | | 0.6% | ||
|- style="background:#f8f7ff;" | |- style="background:#f8f7ff;" | ||
!style="background:#f8f7ff;"| | !style="background:#f8f7ff;"| F | ||
| 6,000–7,500 K | | 6,000–7,500 K | ||
|style="background:#fff4ea;"| yellowish white | |style="background:#fff4ea;"| yellowish white<br>FFF4EA | ||
|style="background:#f8f7ff;"| white | |style="background:#f8f7ff;"| white | ||
| 1.7 M | | 1.7 M | ||
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| 3% | | 3% | ||
|- style="background:#fff4ea;" | |- style="background:#fff4ea;" | ||
!style="background:#fff4ea;"| | !style="background:#fff4ea;"| G | ||
| 5,000–6,000 K | | 5,000–6,000 K | ||
|style="background:#fff2a1;"| yellow | |style="background:#fff2a1;"| yellow<br>FFF2A1 | ||
|style="background:#fff2a1;"| yellow | |style="background:#fff2a1;"| yellow | ||
| 1.1 M | | 1.1 M | ||
| Line 58: | Line 59: | ||
| 8% | | 8% | ||
|- style="background:#ffd2a1;" | |- style="background:#ffd2a1;" | ||
!style="background:#ffd2a1;"| | !style="background:#ffd2a1;"| K | ||
| 3,500–5,000 K | | 3,500–5,000 K | ||
|style="background:#ffc46f;"| orange | |style="background:#ffc46f;"| orange<br>FFC46F | ||
|style="background:#ffe46f;"| yellow orange | |style="background:#ffe46f;"| yellow orange | ||
| 0.8 M | | 0.8 M | ||
| Line 67: | Line 68: | ||
| 13% | | 13% | ||
|- style="background:#ffcc6f;" | |- style="background:#ffcc6f;" | ||
!style="background:#ffcc6f;"| | !style="background:#ffcc6f;"| M | ||
| 2,000–3,500 K | | 2,000–3,500 K | ||
|style="background:#ff6060;"| red | |style="background:#ff6060;"| red<br>FF6060 | ||
|style="background:#ffa040;"| orange red | |style="background:#ffa040;"| orange red | ||
| 0.3 M | | 0.3 M | ||
| Line 76: | Line 77: | ||
| >78% | | >78% | ||
|} | |} | ||
The Roman numeral following the Class indicates the | The Roman numeral following the Class indicates the size of the star (not presently used here in ''SFC''): | ||
* I - '''super giant''' | * I - '''super giant''' | ||
* II - bright giant | * II - bright giant | ||
| Line 92: | Line 92: | ||
* C - Red/IR star: a star with wavelengths unusually bright in the near-infrared; the strong stellar wind condenses as it cools away from the star, forming molecules such as water (H2O) which can then be pumped to produce dangerous (to shielded ships) maser emissions. | * C - Red/IR star: a star with wavelengths unusually bright in the near-infrared; the strong stellar wind condenses as it cools away from the star, forming molecules such as water (H2O) which can then be pumped to produce dangerous (to shielded ships) maser emissions. | ||
* D - White | * D - White dwarf (#F3F3FF) | ||
* NMC/D/E - Nebula ( | * NMC/D/E - Nebula (planetary/small/large) (#00FFEC / #489BCF / #95708F) | ||
* NMF - Protostar | * NMF - Protostar | ||
* P - Neutron | * P - Neutron star | ||
* R - Rogue planet (this may be either a terrestrial planet or gas giant) | * R - Rogue planet (this may be either a terrestrial planet or gas giant) | ||
* S - Infrared star: a star with wavelengths unusually bright in the infrared spectrum, with a powerful magnetic field and emissions of gamma rays. | * S - Infrared star: a star with wavelengths unusually bright in the infrared spectrum, with a powerful magnetic field and emissions of gamma rays. | ||
* T - Station (undesignated) | * T - Station (undesignated) | ||
* U - Unknown (detected but unidentified) | * U - Unknown object (detected but unidentified) (#C8FBBC) | ||
* X - X-ray star; also known as a magnetar, a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field and emissions of X-rays and gamma rays. | * X - X-ray star; also known as a magnetar, a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field and emissions of X-rays and gamma rays. | ||
* Z - Black | * Z - Black hole (#C8FBBC) | ||
[[Category: Background]] | [[Category: Background]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:10, 10 September 2024
Stars
- see also: Gallery of Single Stars
| Type | Temperature | Conventional color | Apparent color | Mass (solar masses) |
Radius (solar radii) |
Luminosity | % of all Main Sequence Stars |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O | 30,000–60,000 K | blue 9AAFFF |
blue | 60 M | 15 R | 1,400,000 L | ~0.00003% |
| B | 10,000–30,000 K | blue white CAD7FF |
blue white to white | 18 M | 7 R | 20,000 L | 0.13% |
| A | 7,500–10,000 K | white F8F7FF |
white | 3.1 M | 2.1 R | 80 L | 0.6% |
| F | 6,000–7,500 K | yellowish white FFF4EA |
white | 1.7 M | 1.3 R | 6 L | 3% |
| G | 5,000–6,000 K | yellow FFF2A1 |
yellow | 1.1 M | 1.1 R | 1.2 L | 8% |
| K | 3,500–5,000 K | orange FFC46F |
yellow orange | 0.8 M | 0.9 R | 0.4 L | 13% |
| M | 2,000–3,500 K | red FF6060 |
orange red | 0.3 M | 0.4 R | 0.04 L | >78% |
The Roman numeral following the Class indicates the size of the star (not presently used here in SFC):
- I - super giant
- II - bright giant
- III - giant
- IV - sub-giant
- V - main sequence
- VI - sub-dwarf
- VII - white dwarf
- VIII - brown
Other Astronomical Objects
These objects are not necessary (or still) stars, nor necessarily natural:
- C - Red/IR star: a star with wavelengths unusually bright in the near-infrared; the strong stellar wind condenses as it cools away from the star, forming molecules such as water (H2O) which can then be pumped to produce dangerous (to shielded ships) maser emissions.
- D - White dwarf (#F3F3FF)
- NMC/D/E - Nebula (planetary/small/large) (#00FFEC / #489BCF / #95708F)
- NMF - Protostar
- P - Neutron star
- R - Rogue planet (this may be either a terrestrial planet or gas giant)
- S - Infrared star: a star with wavelengths unusually bright in the infrared spectrum, with a powerful magnetic field and emissions of gamma rays.
- T - Station (undesignated)
- U - Unknown object (detected but unidentified) (#C8FBBC)
- X - X-ray star; also known as a magnetar, a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field and emissions of X-rays and gamma rays.
- Z - Black hole (#C8FBBC)